In the UK, women recieve a letter inviting them to a smear test as soon as they hit 25 - but the appointment can bring some anticipation and worry.
The smear test - also known as Cervical Screening - checks the health of the cervix and helps protect against cervical cancer. Women aged between 25 to 64 are invited and is crucial for all women to get checked and it can save lives.
However, it can be daunting going for the test - partly due to the fear of the unknown - and also because it's an intimate process.
Nurses and doctors are well versed in making the experience as comortable as possible and the procedure is usually painless - only taking a matter of minutes. While most patients won't experience pain, some do - but there are adjustments that can be made to help with this and you shouldn't feel worried or ashamed to ask.
To help ease your mind ahead of a smear, here's everything you need to know - including what to expect at your appointment.
Urgent warning over 'silent killer' cancer that can first appear as back pain
What happens during a smear test?
According to the NHS, during the screening appointment, a "small sample of cells will be taken from your cervix" and the sample is "checked for certain types of human papillomavirus (HPV) that can cause changes to the cells of your cervix." These are called "high-risk" types of HPV.
"If these types of HPV are not found, you do not need any further tests. If these types of HPV are found, the sample is checked for any changes in the cells of your cervix. These can be treated before they get a chance to turn into cervical cancer," the NHS states.
Before the test starts, you will need to get undressed behind a screen from the waist down and will be given a sheet to cover up. The nurse will then ask you to lie on the bed with your legs bent, feet together and knees apart.
The nurse will then put a smooth tube tool - known as a speculum - inside your vagina with a small amount of lubricant. The nurse will then open the speculum to see into the cervix.
They will then use a soft brush to take a sample of cells from the cervix. Once collected, the nurse will close and remove the speculum and allow you to get dressed.
The test should take less than five minutes, and should only take around 10 minutes. If you're worried about getting the test, some top tips include:
- Wear something you can leave on during the test, like a skirt or long jumper.
- Bring someone with you for support.
- Try breathing exercises to help you relax – ask the nurse about these.
- Ask the nurse to use a smaller speculum.
- Ask the nurse about lying in a different position – such as on your side with your knees pulled up to your chest.
- Bring something to listen to or read during the test.
It's also important to know you can ask to stop the test at any time, and don't feel embarrassed or afraid to talk to the nurse and tell them how you feel. The nurse will then tell you when to expect your results and are usually sent to you in a letter.
What do my smear test results mean?
The results letter will explain if human papillomavirus (HPV) was found in your sample, what your result means, and what happens next. Most people will have a negative result which means there was no HPV detected. In this instance, the NHS states that the "risk of getting of getting cervical cancer is very low" and you don't need any further checks on your cervix. You will then be invited for another smear in three to five years.
However if there is a detection of HPV, there are two types of positive results. The first is 'HPV positive but no abnormal cell changes' - which means you will be invited for screening in a year and again a year later if you still have HPV. If you still have HPV after two years, you'll then be asked to have a colposcopy.
The second 'HPV positive result is with abnormal cell changes'. This result will mean you will be asked to have a colposcopy. A colposcopy is a simple procedure to have a further look at your cervix and is done in hospital. Most women who have abnormal cervical screening test results do not have cervical cancer, so you shouldn't panic.
'First' symptom of cervical cancer that appears on your back - when to visit GP
Biggest myths
While some people think cervical screenings are a test for cancer, it's important to know this isn't the case. It's designed to help prevent cervical cancer. The screening checks the health of your cervix, and can help to find any abnormal changes before they can turn into cancer.
Smear tests aren't usually painful, however it's vital to know some women do find it painful and everyone is different. It is a myth that no woman experiences pain during a cervical screening - this is important to know so you can advocate for more support and adjustments during your appointment, and not feel alone in your experience.
You can also ask for adjustments during or before your screening to help ease any pain and discomfort. These include asking for a different size speculum, asking to put the speculum in yourself, and finding the best position to lie down in. Your nurse should cater to these requests where appropriate.
Smear tests are also not just for women who have sex, as you don't need to have sex to contract HPV. It can be from genital touching as well as shared toys.
If you are worried, it's always recommended to speak to your GP or nurse. More information can be found on the NHS website.
Read more similar news:
Comments:
comments powered by Disqus
